Institutional contradiction and management control innovation: A field study of total quality management practices in a privatized telecommunication company

The purpose of this paper is to theorise the changes surrounding the introduction of a management control innovation, total quality management (TQM) techniques, within Telecom Fiji Limited. Using institutional theory and drawing on empirical evidence from multiple sources including interviews, discussions and documents, the paper explicates the institutionalization of these TQM practices. The focus of the paper is the micro-processes and practice changes around TQM implementation, rather than the influence of the macro-level structures that are often linked with institutional theory. The change agents used Quality Action Teams and the National Quality Council to introduce new TQM routines. The present study extends the scope of institutional analysis by explaining how institutional contradictions impact to create and make space for institutional entrepreneurs, who in turn, modify existing routines or introduce new routines in fluid organizational environments which also exhibit evidence of resistance.     

Firm-level analysis of the international diversification of small integrated stock markets: Ireland 1999-2007

Domestic market indices may not be domestic in the pure sense of the word if they contain a large number of multinational corporations (MNCs). This is particularly relevant in a small open economy like Ireland. This paper shows that Ireland's strong position in attracting FDI has resulted in the domestic market index (the ISEQ index) becoming a marginal measure of the Irish corporate sector. Further results show that Ireland is gaining international exposure through foreign MNCs but this foreign exposure is not directly related to the regions where these firms do business.     

An experimental method for studying unconscious perception in a marketing context

This article provides in‐depth discussion of a recently developed method designed to foster the elicitation and detection of unconscious perception. Prior findings coupled with additional studies and analyses support the value of this method as a tool for studying unconscious perception in a marketing context. The method can both divert subjects' conscious attention away from experimental stimuli and provide a separate indicator of where subjects' attentive resources are being allocated during exposure. Moreover, it is easy to use and flexibly applied in an experimental setting. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Stable shareholdings and Japan's bubble economy: an historical overview

This is an exploratory study aimed at establishing the existence of a strategy utilized by large Japanese industrial groups to protect themselves against external threats. A measure is developed to assess the stability of the top 10 shareholders of 134 leading companies in the six Japanese industrial groups—Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo, DKB, Sanwa, and Fuyo—over the 1973–93 period. The results demonstrate the use by these companies of their networks of stable shareholdings as a strategic response to deal with threats to group company governance structures arising from the stock market and property boom of the late 1980s (known in Japan as the ‘bubble’ economy) and its aftermath. Some theoretical and practical reflections are presented. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A New Class of Revealed Comparative Advantage Indexes

Open Economies Review - This paper draws upon a critical analysis of the three RCA indexes in Vollrath (1991) to propose a new class of RCA indexes. The baseline RCA index in this new class rests...     

Fiscal fragmentation and crime control: Is there an efficiency-equity tradeoff?

International Tax and Public Finance - This article investigates the effects of fiscal fragmentation on aggregate crime rates and the spatial disparities in crime rates among counties in a...     

State-owned capital and corporate social responsibility of private-holding companies: evidence from China

The undertaking of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a topic of widespread concern in society. Utilising a sample of 9872 private-holding companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen securities markets from 2009 to 2019, this study examines the impact of state-owned capital on CSR activities. We find that CSR is enhanced when the proportion of state-owned capital in a private-holding listed company exceeds 5 percent. The appointment of directors, supervisors, and senior management by state-owned shareholders, and the participation of state-owned investment in company operation further promote the fulfilment of CSR in private-holding listed companies. This research not only enriches the literature on the economic consequences of state-owned equity holdings in private companies, but also provides empirical evidence regarding the outcomes of improvement of corporate governance mechanisms.     

Work-from-home and the risk of securities misconduct

In the wake of the global pandemic, a challenge for CEOs and boards is to set a stakeholder-acceptable organizational balance between remote and traditional office working. However, the risks of work-from-home are not yet fully understood. We describe competing theories that predict the effect on misconduct of a corporate shift to work-from-home. Using internal bank data on securities traders we exploit lockdown variation induced by emergency regulation of the Covid-19 pandemic. Our difference-in-differences analysis reveals that working from home lowers the likelihood of securities misconduct; ultimately those working from home exhibit fewer misconduct alerts. The economic significance of these changes is large. Our study makes an important step toward understanding the link between the balance of work locations and the risk that comes with this tradeoff.     

Earnings manipulation and similarity of annual report disclosure: Evidence from China

The Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section is an important component of a company's annual report, where the management team provides a textual analysis of the company's performance for investors. Due to the existence of agency problems, management is likely to mask any earnings manipulation in order to maximise their salary, build a corporate empire or obtain more financing, which will reduce the reliability of the company's financial information. Utilising 13,679 Chinese A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2020, this study examines the correlation between management earnings manipulation and annual report MD&A similarity. We find that earnings manipulation leads to increased MD&A similarity in order to reduce the transmission of useful information and thus stymie investors. As such, we recommend that regulatory authorities should monitor the level of similarity and validity of MD&A disclosures in addition to the authenticity of numerical financial information.